Coal gangue is a solid waste discharged from coal mining and washing and processing. my country's coal gangue has accumulated more than 5 billion tons, and it is still increasing at a rate of 300 to 350 million tons per year...
Red mud is a solid waste discharged by alumina enterprises. It pollutes, occupies land and costs money all the year round. It has become a stubborn disease that cannot be cured for a long time. The annual discharge of red mud in my country exceeds 70 million tons, and the cumulative stockpile is more than 500 million tons. The stockpile exceeds 200 million tons...
The overall goal of sludge treatment and disposal in my country is to achieve sludge reduction, stabilization, harmlessness, and resource utilization...
China is a big coal-producing country, and the national policy of using coal as the basic fuel for electricity production will not change for a long time. Burn 1 t of raw coal to produce 250-300 kg of fly ash. The average comprehensive utilization rate of fly ash in my country is 70%, which is mainly used in the building materials industry. Under the national background of "carbon peak" and "carbon neutrality", the problem of fly ash solid waste disposal is prominent...
In 2020, the amount of construction waste in my country has reached 2.6 billion tons. The annual amount of construction waste in my country is about 1.8 billion tons. From the perspective of resource utilization, the overall recycling rate of construction waste in my country is less than 10%, far lower than 90% in Europe and the United States and 95% in Japan and South Korea. The treatment method is still in the extensive landfill and stacking stage...
Tailings are components with low content of useful components produced in beneficiation operations that cannot be economically used for industrial production at present, and are also the main components of industrial solid waste. At present, the output of metallic ores, non-metallic ores, coal and clay produced in countries around the world is huge every year, and the amount of tailings produced therefrom is also quite large.